Incinerator.



A. H. REID.

INGINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 313.21, 1914.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 WITNESSEfi.

NUHRIS PETERS 60.. PHOTO-LITHQ. WASHINGION. D. u

ANDREW HUGH REID, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

INCINERATOR.

specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Application filedFebruary 21,1914. Serial No. 820,283.

To all whom it may concern 7 Be it known that 1, ANDREW H. REID, of the city of Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incinerators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to incinerators or crematories in which garbage and the like is burned on grates in a chamber through which the products of combustion travel to a chimney at one end. In such incinerators much difiiculty is experienced in arranging the draft to secure equality of combustion at all points along the length of the furnace, it

' generally being found that near the chimney the combustion is much more rapid than at the far end owing to the progressive heating of the air admitted to the far end as it travels toward the chimney. I overcome the difficulty by admitting the air to the far end of the chamber through one or more draft tubes which lead through the chamber in such a manner that the air passing through the tubes is highly heated before being discharged in proximity to the combustible material on the grates or arches of the incinerator, and by so constructing the end of the chamber adjacent the stack that the draft is baflied to prevent the direct passage of the products of combustion to the stack, substantially as hereinafter more specifically described and definitely claimed.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of my improved incinerator. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same looking toward the outlet end. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line a-a, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 72-72, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan view.

In the drawings like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.

1 is an incinerator comprising a chamber communicating at one end with a chimney 2 in a manner hereinafter described. The chamber is provided with the fire grates 3, above which are located the arches 4. Garbage to be cremated is dumped on these arches through the openings 5 in the top of the chamber, and after drying out there, falls or is raked through to be burned on the grates below. Sometimes, however, these arches are omitted, and my improvements are equally well adapted to an incinerator in which they are omitted. Various doors 6 are employed for use in raking off the arches and fire grates or cleaning out ashes. From the end of the chamber distant from the chimney, I lead one or more draft tubes 7. These tubes slide through holes in the roof of the chamber so that they may be raised or lowered to bring their lower ends to position above or below the arches as may be desired. These draft tubes are preferably two in number and are located close to the central vertical longitudinal plane of the chamber, and their lower ends are preferably turned so as to partly point toward the distant end of the chamber. These tubes are preferably of metal and hence are good conductors of heat. The air passing through them is strongly heated before it emerges from their lower ends, hence a blast of hot air is provided for the combustion of the garbage at the end of the chamber remote from the chimney, where under ordinary conditions the garbage is greener and therefore burns less readily than at the chimney end of the chamber. By introducing the air in this way I markedly increase the quality of the incineration and conduct the process with far less inequality in temperature at different parts of the chamber than with the old arrangement in which air is admitted through the various doors as might be desired. Of course, the use of my draft tubes does not prevent the use of other draft openings, as air may be still admitted through any of the doors if the circumstances seem to warrant it.

The use of draft tubes, 1 find produces a very strong and concentrated fiow of air and products of combustion toward the chimney so that a very great tendency exists to carry lighter portions of the garbage in an unconsumed or partly consumed condition right into the chimney. I find it essential therefore to baffle the draft so as to diffuse the air currents more equally through the chamber and to prevent a direct passage from the draft tubes to the outlet. I there fore provide the bafiiewall 8 across the end of the chamber in front of the outlet 9 leading to the stack. This wall is sufficiently spaced from the end of the chamber to form fines behind it communicating with the outlet 9 forming the opening to the chimney. Openings 10 are formed through this baffle wall at each side of the chamber. Currents of air and the products of combustion coming in a direct line from the draft tubes strike the battle wall are deflected outwardly to the openings 10, thence behind thebaflle Wall to the outlet9. As gases tend to: acecumulate in the top of the chamber which might ultimately form an explosive mixture, it is necessary to draw these off. I therefore provide. the. second outlet 11 near the top of the chamber communicating with the chimney. This outlet may be of considerably smaller dimensions than the outlet, 9., and: as the flow of the gases. and products of combustion in the top of the chamber is less rapid. than in the lower part of the chamber, the. openings 12. which are. formed;

through the. baffle wall at the sides of the chamber may be considerably larger than. the openings 10. The battle wall is thus comparatively narrow in. front. of the-:outlet. 1'1.

A transverse shelf 13 extends from the bathe Wall 8 to the end of the chamber above. the openings 10 and just. atthe lower. edge. of the openings 12? so as to completely sepa rate the products of combustion passing to. the outlet 7 7 11. The equality of operation at,difl?erent parts of the chamber is much facilitated by the introduction of the longitudinal wall1l4. which extends from. end to end of thechamher and is preferably projected into the outlet 9 so as to. practically divide the outlet 9 intotwo parts. This wall extends only part way up the chamber, and serves to support theinn'er ends of the arches 4;. The burning of the garbage after drying is thus in efiect carried out in two long and: comparatively narrow chambers in which the combustion can bemuch more effectively carried;

4 out than in a wider chamber. This division is not essential in the upper chamber where carried. out. I

I find that an. incinerator constructed as part. of the shown and described is very efi'ective in op-.

eration,, no special fuel Whatever being required except perhaps a little in starting operations. Once the incinerator is in. operation, its action is continuous without the use of special fuel, and it may be run at full draft or banked for considerable lengths of time if desired and when awaiting fresh supplies of. garbage for consumption.

What. I claim as my invention. is:-

' 1.v An. incinerator comprising a. chamber provided with fire grates; arches. above; the. grates; a chimney communicating with. the chamber at one end both above and below tl1e.arches;,a draft. tube leading through. the chamber from the outer air to. point ad.- jacent. the endof the chamber distantfrom. the. chimney whereby air is heated and broughtinto proximity to. combustible material distant from theqchimney; and a,

7 cent the chimney 9 fromthose passing to the. outlet.

practically only drying is:

provided with openings above and below the arches and adapted to prevent the passage of the products of combustion in direct; lines to the. chimney.

2. In an incinerator, a chamber provided withfire grates; arches above the grates; a chimney communicating with the interior of the chamber by openings at different levels substantially midway between the side walls; a battle wall in front'of said openings therein adjacent chamber. bothat top. and bottom. leading respectively from the spaces in. the chamber abovev and below the arches; and a. trans.- verse shelf. extending from the bafiie wall to the end of. the. chamber between the upper and. lower chimney openings.,

3; In any incinerator, a chamber provided with fire grates; arches above the grates; a chimney communicating. with the interior of thecl amber byopenings at different levels substantially midway between the sidewalls;

a bathe wall, in front. ofsaid chimney having chimney having the sides of the.

openings therein adjacent the sides oi" the chamber bothat top. and bottom leading, re.- speotively from the spaces in the chamber above and below the arches a-transverse shelf extending from the. baffle. wall: .to, the end of the chamber between theupper and lower chimney openings; and; a. longitudinal wall extending partway up toward thetopof the chamber and. from end to end, said wall extending to the lower chimney open ing,

i. In an incinerator,

a chamber provided with fire grates; archesv above the grates a chimney. communicatingwith the interior of the chamber by openings at different levels substantially midway between the sidewalls;

a bafile wall in front ofsaid chimney having p H sides of the chamber both at top and bottom leadingre-.

openings therein'adjacent the spectively from thespaces in the chamber above and below the. arches; a longitudinal wall extending, partway, up toward the. top.

of the chamber and from end to end, said wall extending to the. lower chimneyopening; a transverse shelf'extending from the bathe wall to the end of the chamber be: tween. thenpper and lower chimney open. ings and: adraft tube leadingfrom the chamber to the outer air to a point adjacent the combustible. materialdistant from the chimney.

5.. In an incinerator, a chamber provided.

with fire grates a chimney at one. end. com.-

mumeatingby-a suitable openingv with the substantiallymid:

interior of the lchamber way between thes1dewalls;. a. battle wall. in front. of said chimney .openmg having. open,-v

ings therein. adjacent the side of thelcham and. toward; the top. f draft. tube leading.

berboth near the gratesof the Ychamber; and a.

through. the; chamber. from the: outer; air Y e 209195 the} inc ra or I o p nt} adia;

cent the central longitudinal vertical plane of the chamber at the end distant from the baiile Wall.

6. In an incinerator, a chamber provided with fire grates; arches above the grates; a chimney communicating with the interior of the chamber by openings at different levels substantially midway between the side Walls; a baffle wall in front of said chimney having openings therein adjacent the sides of the chamber both at top and bottom leading respectively from the spaces in the chamber above and below the arches; a transverse shelf extending from the baffle wall. to the end of the chamber between the upper and lower chimney openings; a longitudinal wall extending partway up toward the top of the chamber and from end to end, said wall extending to the lower chimney opening; and two draft tubes leading through the chamber from the outer air each adapted to discharge at a point adjacent the central longitudinal vertical plane of the chamber at the end distant from the baiiie wall.

five cents each, by

7. In an incinerator, a chamber provided with fire grates; arches above the grates; a chimney communicating with the interior of the chamber by openings at different levels substantially midway between the side walls; a baiile wall in front of said chimney having openings therein adjacent the sides of the chamber both at top and bottom; leading respectively from the spaces in the chamber above and below the arches; a longitudinal wall extending partway up toward the top of the chamber and from end to end, said wall extending to the lower chimney opening; and two draft tubes leading through the chamber from the outer air each adapted to discharge at a point adjacent the end of the chamber distant from the baffle wall.

Dated at Toronto, Ontario, Canada, this 14th day of February, 1914.

ANDREW HUGH REID.

In the presence of- E. P. HALL, E. LAW.

addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

